Support Measures For DHC

Support Measures for DHC

Country

Ireland

#

Name and reference of measure

Type of measure

Responsible organ

Existing or planned?

1

Building Regulations 2008, Part L

Regulatory requirement

DCENR

Existing

Quotations from the measure

BUILDING REGULATIONS (PART L AMENDMENT) REGULATIONS 2008

L1 A building shall be designed and constructed so as to ensure that the energy performance of the building is such as to limit the amount of energy required for the operation of the building and the amount of CO2 emissions associated with this energy use insofar as is reasonably practicable.

L2 For existing dwellings, the requirements of L1 shall be met by:

(a) limiting heat loss and, where appropriate, maximising heat gain through the fabric of the building;

(b) controlling, as appropriate, the output of the space heating and hot water systems;

(c) limiting the heat loss from pipes, ducts and vessels used for the transport or storage of heated water or air;

(d) providing that all oil and gas fired boilers installed in existing dwellings shall meet a minimum seasonal efficiency of 86% where practicable.

L3 For new dwellings, the requirements of L1 shall be met by:

(a) providing that the energy performance is such as to limit the calculated primary energy consumption and related CO2 emissions insofar as is reasonably practicable, when both energy consumption and CO2 emissions are calculated using the Dwelling Energy Assessment Procedure (DEAP) published by Sustainable Energy Ireland;

(b) providing that a reasonable proportion of the energy consumption to meet the energy performance of a dwelling is provided by renewable energy sources;

(c) limiting heat loss and, where appropriate, availing of heat gain through the fabric of the dwelling;

(d) providing and commissioning energy efficient space and water heating systems with efficient heat sources and effective controls;

(e) providing to the dwelling owner sufficient information about the dwelling, the fixed building services and their maintenance requirements so that the dwelling can be operated in such a manner as to use no more fuel and energy than is reasonable;

(f) providing that all oil and gas fired boilers shall meet a minimum seasonal efficiency of 86%.

L4 For buildings other than dwellings, the requirements of L1 shall be met by—

(a) providing that the energy performance of the new building is such as to limit the calculated primary energy consumption and related CO2 emissions insofar as is reasonably practicable, when both energy consumption and CO2 emissions are calculated using the Non-domestic Energy Assessment Procedure (NEAP) published by Sustainable Energy Ireland;

(b) limiting the heat loss and, where appropriate, maximising the heat gains through the fabric of the building;

(c) providing energy efficient space and water heating services including adequate control of these services;

(d) ensuring that the building is appropriately designed to limit need for cooling and, where air-conditioning or mechanical ventilation is installed, that installed systems are energy efficient, appropriately sized and adequately controlled;

(e) limiting the heat loss from pipes, ducts and vessels used for the transport or storage of heated water or air;

(f) limiting the heat gains by chilled water and refrigerant vessels, and by pipes and ducts that serve air conditioning systems;

(g) providing energy efficient artificial lighting systems (other than emergency lighting, display lighting or specialist process lighting) and adequate control of these ‘systems’.

TECHNICAL GUIDANCE DOCUMENT L – CONSERVATION OF FUEL AND ENERGY – DWELLINGS

1.2.1 This section gives guidance on the minimum level of renewable technologies to be provided to show compliance with Regulation L(2(b). The following represents a reasonable minimum level of energy provision from renewable energy technologies in order to satisfy Regulation L2(b):

· 10 kWh/m2/annum contributing to energy use for domestic hot water heating, space heating or cooling, or

· 4 kWh/m2/annum of electrical energy, or

· a combination of these which would have equivalent effect.

For the purposes of this Section, “renewable energy technologies” means technology, products or

equipment that supply energy derived from renewable energy sources, e.g. solar thermal systems,

solar photo-voltaic systems, biomass systems, systems using biofuels, heat pumps, aerogenerators and other small scale renewable systems.

1.2.4 The use of centralised renewable energy sources contributing to a heat distribution system

serving all dwelling units in a development or part of a development, e.g. an apartment block, may prove to be more practicable than providing separate renewable energy for each dwelling individually.

1.2.5 As an alternative to providing 10kWh/m2/annum thermal energy (or 4 kWh/m2/annum electrical energy) from renewable technology sources, the use of a small scale combined heat and power (CHP) system which contributes to the space and water heating energy use would be acceptable. This approach may be appropriate in some high density developments, e.g. apartment and mixed use developments.

Renewable Energy: Energy from renewable non-fossil energy sources e.g. solar energy (thermal and photovoltaic), wind, hydropower, biomass, geothermal, wave, tidal, landfill gas, sewage treatment plant gas and biogases.

The Purpose of the measure

The primary purpose of the Building Regulations is to provide for the health, safety and welfare of people in and around buildings.In general, the Building Regulations apply to the construction of new buildings and to extensions and material alterations to existing buildings and to certain changes of use of existing buildings.These Regulations apply to all types of construction.

Part L of the Building Regulations is concerned with the conservation of fuel and energy in dwellings. The principal aims of Part L are to limit primary energy consumption and associated CO2 emissions. Part L for dwellings, is supported by a Technical Guidance Document (TGD) L Dwellings 2008 which gives guidance on how to satisfy the energy performance provisions of the Building Regulations for new and existing dwellings.

Eligibility Criteria

Part L specifies that a minimum of 10 kWh/m2/annum contributing to energy use for domestic hot water heating, space heating or cooling energy be provided from renewable energy technologies. Alternatively 4 kWh/m2/annum of electrical energy, or a combination of these which would have equivalent effect.

DH systems which take heat from the following sources are eligible:

· CHP

· Biomass

· Geothermal

Impact of Measure

Generally this measure has a positive impact – helping to promote DH as it is seen as a means to comply with these regulations. However it provides no guidance on how to operate or administer DH systems.

Effectiveness of the measure

Has lead to increased take up of small scale DH in residential and mixed used developments.

#

Name and reference of measure

Type of measure

Responsible organ

Existing or planned?

2

CHP Deployment Programme

Capital expenditure support

Sustainable Energy Ireland (SEI)

Existing

Quotations from the measure

COMBINED HEAT AND POWER DEPLOYMENT PROGRAMME APPLICATION GUIDE

The CHP Deployment Programme aims to support the deployment of combined heat and power (CHP) across Ireland, by means of grant aid assistance, in accordance with the requirements contained in the EU Directive on CHP.

Feasibility Study Grant Programme

Feasibility studies investigating the application of CHP across all technologies and size ranges greater than 50 kWe will be supported at the discretion of SEI.

CHP Investment Grant Programme

At present investment grants will only be offered to small-scale fossil fired CHP with a capacity ≥ 50kWe and < 1MWe, through a non-discretionary grant programme.

The Purpose of the measure

The objectives of this Programme are to:

· Increase the deployment of small-scale fossil-fired and biomass CHP systems in industrial, commercial, service and public sectors ;

· Produce energy and carbon emission savings and fossil fuel displacement ;

· Potentially increase electricity system security via more diversity of local embedded

· generating plant;

· Increase customer awareness and confidence in CHP;

· Increase the capability of the Irish CHP equipment supply chain.

The programme provides grant support to assist the deployment of small-scale fossil fired CHP and biomass (anaerobic digestion (AD) and wood residue) CHP systems.

At present the programme includes feasibility studies, to assist investigation into the application of CHP across all size ranges and technologies and investment grant support for small-scale fossil fired CHP with a capacity ≥ 50kWe and < 1MWe.

Eligibility Criteria

· The proposed CHP plant must be within the eligible size range (≥50kWe and < 1MWe) and be fired by natural gas, oil or another licensed fuel;

· Applicants must complete a feasibility study of the site’s suitability to CHP prior to submitting an application for CHP investment grant support.

· Applicants must ensure that the CHP plant when operational will meet the “high efficiency” requirements of EU Directive (2004/8/EC) achieving the primary energy savings as per Annex III of the Directive;

· Applicants must agree to install heat and electricity metering necessary to meet the requirements of EU Directive (2004/8/EC).

· Applicants must agree to have the projected annual energy savings verified and certified by an SEI appointed inspector, stating that the CHP plant will comply with the requirements of the EU Directive (2004/8/EU);

· Applicants must agree to provide annual fuel usage and electricity and useful heat output in response to a survey by SEI representatives for the purposes of reporting to the European Commission and publication of the statistics as required under EU Directive (2004/8/EC);

· The estimated operating hours of the proposed CHP plant must meet the required minimum of 4000 hrs/year.

· Eligible costs include - purchase and installation of CHP plant, including:

- fuel supply and processing equipment;

- prime mover;

- necessary heat exchangers;

- control, protection and heat and electricity metering equipment.

· Ineligible costs include – all costs relating to the purchase and installation of:

- heat-only boilers;

- electrical connections for export;

- heat delivery system;

- internal staff costs except in the case where the applicant is an ESCO.

Impact of Measure

Generally this measure has a positive impact – helping to promote DH. However it provides no guidance on how to operate or administer DH systems. Also, the cost of heat delivery systems are not eligible for support.

Effectiveness of the measure

An indicative allocation of €11 million was made for a CHP programme to run in the 2006 to 2010 time frame.

The Programme will provides up to 40% funding for qualifying CHP feasibility studies and up to 30% investment grant support to eligible small-scale (≥ 50kW_e and < 1MW_e) fossil fired CHP projects.

According to SEI’s annual report for 2008 the CHP programme has supported the installation of over 40 CHP plants (mainly gas-fired), with a total capacity of 7 MW_e and 10.6 MW_th. If Ireland is to meet its ambitious CHP targets then CHP units larger than the 999 kW_e threshold will be required.

Ireland’s national CHP targets under the National Climate Change Strategy are 400 MW_e by 2010 and 800 MW_e by 2020 of installed CHP capacity. At the end of 2008 the total installed active CHP capacity was 298.7 MW_e,

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Name and reference of measure

Type of measure

Responsible organ

Existing or planned?

3

Biomass CHP/Anaerobic Digestion (AD) CHP Call for Proposals

Capital expenditure support

Sustainable Energy Ireland (SEI)

Existing

Quotations from the measure

BIOMASS CHP / ANAEROBIC DIGESTION CHP DEPLOYMENT PROGRAMME CALL FOR PROPOSALS APPLICATION GUIDELINES

The purpose of the Biomass CHP / Anaerobic Digestion CHP Deployment Programme Call for Proposals is to deliver increased market penetration of CHP schemes fuelled by biomass and biogas from anaerobic digestion, in fulfilment of government policy on bioenergy as detailed in the Bioenergy Action Plan for Ireland launched in March 2007.

The CHP programme, which includes fossil fired CHP, has an indicative allocation of €11 million from the 2006 budget announcement of €65 million funding for renewable energy for the period 2006 – 2010. The Biomass CHP / Anaerobic Digestion CHP Deployment Programme is a subset of the CHP programme and has an indicative budget of €5-8 million (out of the €11 million) over the period.

The Purpose of the measure

The objectives of this call are to:

· Increase the deployment of biomass CHP and anaerobic digestion CHP schemes in industrial, commercial, services and public sectors in the Republic of Ireland;

· Produce energy and carbon emission savings and fossil fuel displacement;

· Increase electricity system security via more diversity of local embedded generating plant;

· Increase customer awareness and confidence in biomass CHP and anaerobic digestion CHP;

· Increase the capability of the Irish biomass CHP and anaerobic digestion CHP equipment supply chain.

In order to achieve these objectives the call will provide grant funding to projects that will deliver:

· Increased investment in new biomass CHP and anaerobic digestion CHP that have been designed appropriately to meet the specific circumstances of individual sites;

· New biomass CHP and anaerobic digestion CHP installations that operate in line with original design intent as evaluated after one year from the date of operation,

· New biomass CHP and anaerobic digestion CHP plants delivering primary energy savings in accordance with the EU Cogeneration Directive (2004/8/EC);

· New projects with a date of operation of 31 December 2010 at the latest.

Eligibility Criteria

Projects utilising eligible technology in a combined heat and power scheme fuelled by biomass or biogas from anaerobic digestion are eligible for support under this call. However, for biomass projects, i.e. other than biogas from anaerobic digestion, the minimum eligible project scale is 100 kWe capacity and the programme will support only 5 biomass projects of less than 500 kWe capacity. For biogas from anaerobic digestion projects, the minimum eligible project scale is 50 kWe.

Projects involving the combustion of industrial or municipal wastes in what are commonly referred to as incinerators or Waste to Energy plants and to which the Waste Incineration Directive (WID) applies are not eligible for support under this call.

Eligible Projects must fulfil the following criteria:

· The plant must be fuelled by (preferably indigenous) biomass, or biogas from an anaerobic digester.

· The plant must be designed to operate as a high efficiency CHP, in accordance with the EU CHP directive.

· The plant must demonstrate primary energy savings (PES) as calculated by the methodology defined in the EU Cogeneration Directive 2004/8/EC.

· The plant must demonstrate carbon savings as compared against the alternative fossil fuel fired power station and on-site boilers delivering the same energy outputs (useful heat and power)

· The project must be able to demonstrate it is deliverable within the timeframes of this call and be installed and achieve a date of operation on or before 31 December 2010.

· There is no upper limit on the electrical capacity of the prime mover. However projects with large prime movers in relation to heat load are unlikely to demonstrate primary energy savings in accordance with the EU CHP Directive 2004/8/EC.

Impact of Measure

Generally this measure has a positive impact – helping to promote DH.

However it has the following shortcomings from a DH point of view:

· It provides no guidance on how to operate or administer DH systems.

· The cost of heat delivery systems are not eligible for support.

· Waste to Energy facilities are not supported.

Effectiveness of the measure

The Biomass CHP / Anaerobic Digestion CHP Deployment Programme is a subset of the CHP programme and has an indicative budget of €5-8 million (out of the €11 million).

Ireland’s national CHP targets under the National Climate Change Strategy are 400 MW_e by 2010 and 800 MW_e by 2020 of installed CHP capacity. At the end of 2008 the total installed active CHP capacity was 298.7 MW_e,

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Name and reference of measure

Type of measure

Responsible organ

Existing or planned?

4

ReHeat Deployment Programme

Capital expenditure support

SEI

Existing

Quotations from the measure

RENEWABLE HEAT DEPLOYMENT PROGRAMME APPLICATION GUIDE

The Renewable Heat (ReHeat) Deployment Programme is aimed at stimulating the installation of new renewable energy plants supplying space, water and process heating in the commercial, industrial, services, public sectors as well as ESCO (Energy Supply Company) installations by means of grant assistance. The Programme is focussed on biomass boilers (fuelled by wood chips and wood pellets), solar thermal collectors and heat pumps.

The Purpose of the measure

Launched in March 2007, the Renewable Heat (ReHeat) Deployment Programme provides assistance for the deployment of renewable heating systems in industrial, commercial, public and community premises in Ireland. The programme is administered by Sustainable Energy Ireland (SEI) and is an expansion of the previous Bioheat Boiler Deployment Programme which supported woodchip or pellet boilers only.

Under the ReHeat Deployment programme, grants are available for the deployment of qualifying renewable heating systems in the following categories:

— boilers fuelled by wood chips and/or wood pellets ,

— solar thermal systems

— heat pumps

Installations can be in the commercial, industrial, services and public sectors and also includes community organisations and Energy Supply Companies (ESCOs), in Ireland.

The objectives of this programme are to

· Increase the use of renewable energy heating systems in the commercial, industrial, services and public sectors

· Increase the deployment of biomass boilers (fuelled by wood chips and wood pellets), solar thermal systems and heat pumps

· Ensure renewable energy heating systems are designed and installed to operate efficiently

· Achieve carbon emission savings and fossil fuel displacement

Eligibility Criteria

Under this programme the following are eligible for support:

· Support of up to 30% of eligible costs is available for Capital Investment projects and support of up to 40% of eligible costs is available for Feasibility Study projects.

· Capital Investment Grants for the purchase and installation of:

— Automatic biomass boilers designed to consume wood chips and/or wood pellets.

— Solar thermal heating systems contributing to hot water demand for direct use or space heating.

— Heat Pump systems that are ground source, air to water and ground water to water. Cooling only heat pumps are not eligible under the programme, nor are comfort air conditioners or heat recovery heat pumps using waste heat from other processes as a heat source.

· Feasibility Studies may be supported on a discretionary basis, (limited to a maximum grant of €5,000 per technology for any project, and a total fund of €300,000 for all projects supported). Feasibility studies in cases of technical complexity or with innovative elements will be preferred for support.

Impact of Measure

Has lead to:

· Increased usage of renewable heating systems in industrial, commercial, public and community premises,

· Carbon emission savings and fossil fuel displacement,

· Increase customer awareness and confidence in heating from renewable sources.

Effectiveness of the measure

This scheme has an indicative budget of €26 million for 2006-2010.

In 2008, the ReHeat projects completed under the programme were as follows:

· Biomass boilers: 85 projects with a total installed capacity of 37 MW_th

· Solar thermal: 73 projects with a total installed area of 1,300 m²

· Heat pumps: 28 projects with a total installed capacity of 2.3 MW_th

#

Name and reference of measure

Type of measure

Responsible organ

Existing or planned?

5

Renewable Energy Feed In Tariff (REFIT)

Market support mechanism

DCENR

Existing

Quotations from the measure

RENEWABLE ENERGY FEED IN TARIFF (REFIT – 2006) A COMPETITION FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION

From Biomass, Hydro and Wind

5.1 The following shall be the reference prices for each category of electricity for the purpose of calculating compensation for suppliers:

i. Large Scale Wind category 5.7 eurocents per kWh.

ii. Small Scale Wind category 5.9 eurocents per kWh.

iii. Hydro 7.2 eurocents per kWh.

iv. Biomass Landfill Gas 7 eurocents per kWh.

v. Other Biomass 7.2 eurocents per kWh.

RENEWABLE ENERGY FEED IN TARIFF ADDITIONAL CATEGORIES (REFIT – 2009) A COMPETITION FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION

From Anaerobic Digestion, Biomass powered high efficiency CHP, Ocean Energy and Offshore wind energy.

1.1 The Government has set a target to increase the contribution from renewable energy sourced electricity to 15% of the electricity consumed by 2010 and 40% by 2020 and in order to deliver these targets sets out to encourage the development of ocean energy technologies and to increase the uses of biomass anaerobic

digestion and high efficiency biomass CHP.

1.2 It is estimated that the 40% target will require installed generating capacity of the order of 5,800 MWs. The purpose of this document, subject to clause is to add additional categories to the established REFIT support programme to ensure the quantitative target for 2020 can be achieved.

5.1 The following shall be the reference prices for each category of electricity notified herein for the purpose of calculating compensation for suppliers.

i. Anaerobic Digestion 12 eurocents per kWh.

ii. High Efficiency (HE) CHP 12 eurocents per kWh when the plant is operating in HE CHP mode. The reference price when the plant is not operating in HE CHP mode is the (adjusted) reference price for biomass categories notified in the REFIT rules already published adjusted in accordance with the rules therein up to 2025.

iii. Ocean Energy 22 eurocents per kWh.

iv. Offshore wind 14 eurocents per kWh.

The Purpose of the measure

On 1st May 2006 the Minister for Communications Marine and Natural Resources announced the publication of the next market support mechanism for renewables to be known as the Renewable Energy Feed In Tariff (REFIT).

The aim of REFIT is to more than double the contribution of renewable sources in electricity production from 5.2% in 2004 to 13.2% by 2010 by increasing the total capacity of renewable energy technologies built to 1,450 MWs.

Eligibility Criteria

The scheme requires an electricity supplier to enter into a 15 year Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with the electricity generator.

When a project has secured REFIT support it must satisfy certain ongoing requirements in order to retain the support. For example, the generator must complete the generation facility promptly within certain time frames set down in its application documents.

Impact of Measure

Positive: Has lead to increased generating capacity in terms of electricity only and CHP facilities.

Negative: Tends to influence operators of CHP facilities to produce more electricity (displacing heat production). If REFIT applied to heat sales also the balance could be restored.

Since early 2006, the Renewable Energy Feed in Tariff (REFIT) has become the main tool for promoting RES-E in Ireland.

Effectiveness of the measure

During its first year (2006), 98% of all the REFIT support was allocated to wind farms. The total contribution from renewable energy to gross electrical consumption in 2007 was 9.4% compared with 4.9% in 1990, See trend below.

(Source: Sustainable Energy Ireland)

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Name and reference of measure

Type of measure

Responsible organ

Existing or planned?

6

Building Energy Rating

Statutory Instrument

DEHLG

Existing

DEHLG: Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government

Quotations from the measure

S.I. No. 666 of 2006 EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF BUILDINGS) REGULATIONS 2006

5. (1) A person who commissions the construction of a large new building shall ensure, before work commences on its construction, that due consideration has been given to the technical, environmental and economic feasibility of installing alternative energy systems in the proposed large building, and that the use of such systems has been taken into account, as far as practicable, in the design of that building.

(2) The alternative energy systems to be considered for the purposes of paragraph (1) shall include-

(a) decentralised energy supply systems based on renewable energy,

(b) combined heat and power systems,

(c) district or block heating or cooling, if available,

(d) heat pumps.

7. (1) A person who commissions the construction of a building of a class referred to in subparagraph (a) or (b) of paragraph (4) construction of which commences on or after such date specified for that class in the said subparagraphs shall, before such building is occupied for the first time, secure a BER certificate and advisory report in relation to the building and shall produce a printed copy of such BER certificate and advisory report to the building control authority in whose functional area the building is situated, on demand being made by that authority for its production.

The Purpose of the measure

Arising from the Kyoto Protocol, the EU has set the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions as an important objective. Note that under the Kyoto Protocol Ireland must limit its average annual greenhouse gas emissions to 13% above 1990 levels over the 5 year period 2008 – 2012. The most significant greenhouse gas is CO2, primarily from energy use, much of which derives from energy use in buildings. Research has indicated that CO2 emissions from buildings across the EU could be reduced by 22% through improved energy efficiency.

The EU adopted the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive [2002/91/EC], known as the EPBD, in 2002. The EPBD contains a package of measures designed to secure a significant reduction in CO2 emissions from buildings.

SEI is supporting and funding the development of practical measures required for implementation of the EPBD including:

· drafting of Building Energy Ratings (BER) and related Advisory Reports on how to upgrade the energy performance of buildings;

· development of calculation/ inspection procedures and systems required in relation to energy assessment, BER, boilers and air-conditioning systems;

· development, maintenance and upgrading of centralised national data in relation to buildings rated and facilities inspected pursuant to the Directive;

· determination of qualifications, training and quality assurance for assessors and inspectors in consultation with relevant training authorities and professional bodies;

· publicity / promotional measures to promote awareness of the requirements of the EPBD, and consultation with interested parties on implementation issues.

From 1 January 2007, an energy rating requirement for new dwellings, in the form of a Building Energy Rating (BER) certificate, has been introduced and is required by law. This certificate was introduced for new non domestic buildings from 1 July 2008 and for existing buildings when being let or sold from 1 January 2009. A BER gives an objective scale of comparison for the energy demand and CO2 performance of buildings. This will allow prospective tenants or buyers to objectively compare the energy performance of buildings and factor energy performance and costs into purchase or tenancy decisions. An advisory report attached to the BER certificate will set out cost effective ways of improving building energy performance for the information of building owners and landlords in planning future upgrade works.

A key motive behind the introduction of BER, with the accompanying Advisory Report, is to stimulate property owners and developers to invest in upgrading the energy performance of their buildings. This would typically cover some combination of: insulation of the building fabric, improved glazing, ventilation control, boilers and heating systems and, in the case of non-residential buildings, lighting systems.

Eligibility Criteria

The requirement to provide a BER is as follows:

New dwellings: The regulations apply to new dwellings for which planning permission was applied for on or after 1st January 2007. All new homes (even when not for sale) must have a BER certificate before they are occupied.

New Non-Domestic Buildings: The regulations apply to new non-domestic buildings for which planning permission was applied for on or after 1st July 2008. Transitional BER exemptions will apply to new non-domestic buildings for which planning permission is applied on or before 30th June 2008 provided the new non-domestic buildings involved are substantially completed by 30th June 2010.

Existing Buildings: (dwellings and other buildings) when offered for sale or letting on or after 1st January 2009.

Large Public Service Buildings: A public body shall, in relation to a large building occupied by it on or after 1 January 2009, secure and display a BER certificate in a prominent place clearly visible to the public.

Impact of Measure

Will improve energy performance of buildings over time.

BER ratings are positively influenced when DH systems are utilised. However, there are some issues with the DEAP software which is used to carry out Building Energy Ratings. These are outlined in Part 2: Needs/challenges, barriers, opportunities.

Effectiveness of the measure

In October 2008 SEI released the following statistics:

· 82% of new homes that have published a Building Energy Rating (BER) certificate have achieved a B rating.

· Of these 40% received B2s

· 8% of all new homes received A ratings and

· 10% received C ratings.

The number of ratings published as of 17^th December 2009 on the National Administration System is as follows: